Written By Simon Diamond
Published:Â July 15, 2023
Introduction:
Maintaining a heart-healthy diet is crucial for individuals with cardiac issues. By making mindful food choices, you can support your cardiovascular health and reduce the risk of complications.
In this article, we will explore the foods to avoid and the ones to embrace for a heart-healthy diet.
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Foods to Avoid:
- Foods high in saturated and trans fats should be limited as they can raise cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease. Avoid or minimize consumption of fried foods, fatty cuts of meat, full-fat dairy products, processed snacks and commercially baked goods.
- Excessive sodium intake can lead to high blood pressure, a major risk factor for heart disease. Limit your consumption of processed and packaged foods, canned soups, salty snacks and fast food. Opt for fresh, whole foods and use herbs and spices to season your meals instead.
- Consuming too much added sugar can contribute to weight gain and increase the risk of heart disease. Avoid sugary drinks like soda, sweetened juices and energy drinks. Be cautious of hidden sugars in processed foods, such as desserts, sweets and sugary cereals.
Foods To Embrace:
- Colourful fruits and vegetables are packed with essential nutrients, fibre and antioxidants that promote heart health. Aim for a variety of fresh or frozen produce, including berries, leafy greens, citrus fruits and cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and Brussels sprouts.
- Choose whole grains over refined grains to increase fibre intake and improve heart health. Include foods like whole wheat, brown rice, quinoa, oats and whole grain bread in your diet. These provide essential nutrients and help regulate cholesterol levels.
- Opt for lean protein sources such as skinless poultry, fish (rich in omega-3 fatty acids), legumes and tofu. These options are lower in saturated fat and provide important nutrients for overall heart health.
- Incorporate healthy fats into your diet, such as avocados, nuts, seeds and olive oil. These fats contain monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats that can help lower bad cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease.
- Choose low-fat dairy products or dairy alternatives like almond milk or soy milk. These options provide essential nutrients without the saturated fat found in full-fat dairy.
Herbs & Spices To Embrace:
Turmeric, with its active compound curcumin, is known for its anti-inflammatory properties. It can be added to various dishes such as curries and roasted vegetables. Garlic is recognized for its potential cardiovascular benefits, including lowering blood pressure and cholesterol levels. Fresh garlic or garlic powder can be used in cooking. Cinnamon, with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, may help lower blood sugar levels. It can be sprinkled on oatmeal, smoothies, or baked goods. Ginger, containing gingerol, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and can be used in stir-fries, soups, or as a tea. Rosemary, with its rosmarinic acid, can promote heart health and enhance the flavor of roasted vegetables and poultry. Cayenne pepper, containing capsaicin, can improve circulation and lower blood pressure when used moderately in dishes.
HDL Or LDL?
When it comes to heart health, understanding the role of HDL (high-density lipoprotein) and LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol is crucial. These are two types of cholesterol that play different roles in the body and have different effects on heart health.
LDL cholesterol, often referred to as “bad” cholesterol, can contribute to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, leading to atherosclerosis and an increased risk of heart disease. High levels of LDL cholesterol are associated with an increased risk of heart attacks and strokes. It is important to keep LDL cholesterol levels within a healthy range.
On the other hand, HDL cholesterol, often referred to as “good” cholesterol, has a protective effect on the heart. HDL cholesterol helps remove LDL cholesterol from the bloodstream and transports it back to the liver, where it can be broken down and eliminated from the body. Higher levels of HDL cholesterol are associated with a reduced risk of heart disease.
Maintaining a healthy balance between HDL and LDL cholesterol is important for heart health.
Final Thoughts:
Adopting a heart-healthy diet plays a vital role in managing and improving cardiac health. Avoiding foods high in saturated fats, sodium and added sugars is crucial while embracing a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins and healthy fats can support heart health.
Remember to consult with a doctor/GP before starting a new diet.
By making informed choices and prioritizing a heart-healthy lifestyle, you can take control of your cardiovascular health and work towards a healthier and happier life.
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References:
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. (2021). The Nutrition Source – Healthy Eating Plate. Retrieved from https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/healthy-eating-plate/
- Mayo Clinic. (2021). Heart-healthy diet: 8 steps to prevent heart disease. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/heart-healthy-diet/art-20047702
- Mashhadi, N. S., Ghiasvand, R., Askari, G., Feizi, A., Hariri, M., Darvishi, L., & Barani, A. (2013). Influence of ginger and cinnamon intake on inflammation and muscle soreness endued by exercise in Iranian female athletes. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 4(Suppl 1), S11-S15.
- Grundy, S. M., Stone, N. J., Bailey, A. L., Beam, C., Birtcher, K. K., Blumenthal, R. S., … & Sperling, L. (2019). 2018 AHA/ACC/AACVPR/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA guideline on the management of blood cholesterol. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 73(24), e285-e350.
- Mayo Clinic. (2021). HDL cholesterol: How to boost your ‘good’ cholesterol. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/hdl-cholesterol/art-20046388
- Mayo Clinic. (2021). LDL cholesterol: How low can you go? Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/ldl-cholesterol/art-20045913